Symptom Diagnosis Guide

Car Cranks But Won't Start: How to Find What's Missing

When your starter spins the engine but it never catches, the engine is missing one of four basics: spark, fuel, compression, or the right signal from the computer. The good news: you can narrow it down in about 5 minutes with no tools.

Don't Drive - Diagnose Here Typical Repair: $30-$900
You're not going anywhere until this is fixed. Don't keep cranking forever - you'll kill the battery and overheat the starter. Walk through the diagnostic order below to find which of the four basics is missing.

🔍 Most Likely Causes

60%
#1 - Most Likely
No Spark (Crank Sensor or Ignition)

The most common no-fire cause. The crankshaft position sensor tells the ECM when to fire the coils. No signal = no spark. Codes P0335 or P0340 confirm it. Pull a plug and check for spark while someone cranks.

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50%
#2 - Very Likely
No Fuel (Pump, Filter, or Pressure)

Turn key to ON and listen for the 2-second fuel pump hum from the rear. No hum = pump, fuse, relay, or wiring. Hum but won't start = could be a clogged filter or failed pressure regulator.

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40%
#3 - Common
Bad Crankshaft or Camshaft Sensor

Even if you have spark and fuel, the engine needs to know piston position to fire the right cylinder at the right time. A failed cam or crank sensor can let it crank perfectly but never fire. Check P0335 and P0340.

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20%
#4 - Also Check
No Compression (Timing Belt Snapped)

If you recently heard a snap or clatter and it died, the timing belt may have broken. The engine will spin freely but with no compression. On interference engines this can also bend valves. Compression test confirms.

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15%
#5 - Possible
Bad ECM/PCM (Computer Fault)

Less common but real. If sensors check out and you have spark and fuel but it still won't fire, the engine computer itself may not be commanding ignition. Code P0606 points here.

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⚡ What To Do Right Now

1
Listen for the fuel pump
Key to ON, don't crank. 2-second hum from the gas tank? Good. Silence? Check fuel pump fuse and relay first - they're cheap.
2
Check for spark
Pull one ignition coil and spark plug, ground the plug, have a helper crank. Visible spark? Ignition is fine. No spark? Crank sensor or coil power.
3
Pull codes
Even if check engine light isn't on, pending codes are stored. P0335 = crank sensor. P0340 = cam sensor. P0230 = fuel pump circuit.
4
Smell the spark plug
After cranking 10 seconds, pull a plug. Wet with gas = fuel's getting in but not igniting (spark problem). Dry = no fuel's arriving (pump or injector).
5
Get the targeted answer
Walk through our $5.99 report. Tell us what hum/spark/codes you found and we'll tell you exactly which part to replace.

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🔍 OBD2 Codes Linked to This Symptom

If your scanner is showing one of these, that's your starting point. Tap any code for full causes and repair costs.

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💬 Common Questions

What are the four things an engine needs to start?

Spark, fuel, compression, and the correct timing signal from the crank/cam sensors. If your engine cranks but won't fire, one of these four is missing. Diagnose in that order - spark and fuel are by far the most common.

How do I know if my crank sensor is bad?

Classic signs: car cranks fine but never fires, no tach movement during crank, often pending code P0335. The dead giveaway is when the car starts cold but won't restart hot - heat-failing crank sensors are a common Hall-effect failure.

Can a dead key fob cause cranks but no start?

On many cars, yes - if the immobilizer doesn't recognize the key, the ECM won't fire injectors or coils even though the starter still works. Try the spare key. A "key" or "security" light flashing on the dash is the giveaway.

How much does diagnosis cost at a shop?

Typically $120-180 just to look at it, on top of any repair. Our $5.99 AI report walks you through the same diagnostic logic and tells you the most likely fix before you spend anything.

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One $5.99 report can save you from a $400 wrong-part install. Our AI walks you through the exact diagnosis, in plain English.

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