📖 The Quick Answer
Static calibration is done in a shop using OEM-specified target boards placed at exact distances in front of the car. Dynamic calibration is done on the road by driving at certain speeds with visible lane lines for 20 to 30 minutes while connected to a scan tool. Many vehicles (Toyota, Honda, Subaru, GM) require both. The job runs $150 to $600 in addition to the glass replacement.
⚙ How It Works (Sensors and Algorithm)
Static calibration. The vehicle is parked on a level floor, wheels straight. OEM-spec target boards (printed patterns) are placed at exact distances (typically 1.5 to 4 meters in front) and at exact heights based on the cars ride height. A scan tool initiates the calibration routine, the camera images the targets, and the ECU computes pitch, yaw, and roll offsets. Dynamic calibration. With a scan tool connected, the vehicle is driven on a road with clear lane markings at a target speed (often 35 to 55 mph) for 15 to 30 minutes. The scan tool reports completion. Many systems require both procedures, in order.
🛡 What It Protects Against
Correct calibration ensures AEB, FCW, LKA, LDW, ACC, and TSR perform as designed. An uncalibrated or misaligned camera can fail to brake, brake unexpectedly, or steer the car off the road.
⚠ Limitations and When It Fails
Mobile glass installers often promise calibration but use only dynamic procedures. Many OEMs (Honda, Subaru, GM, Toyota TSS) require static calibration that needs a dedicated bay, level floor, target boards, and a manufacturer scan tool. Always insist on documentation, including pre and post calibration scan reports.
🚗 Which Vehicles Have It
Required on every ADAS-equipped vehicle, which is virtually every new car since 2018 and many models back to 2014. If your car has lane keep assist, automatic emergency braking, adaptive cruise, or a windshield-mounted camera, you need calibration after any windshield replacement.
🔧 Related TSBs and Recalls
Every major OEM publishes glass-replacement and calibration TSBs. Toyota TSS, Honda Sensing, Subaru EyeSight, and Ford Co-Pilot360 all require documented calibration. Check the OEM service portal or your insurance claim for the specific TSB number.